Human beings themselves are essential components of resources because they interact with nature through technology and create institutions to accelerate their economic development.
Resources can be classified in the following ways-
1......Based on origin**
★ BIOTIC RESOURCES ARE OBTAINED FROM THE BIOSPHERE AND HAVE LIFE.
Example- human beings, flora and fauna, fisheries, livestock, etc
★ ABIOTIC RESOURCES ARE ALL THOSE THINGS WHICH ARE COMPOSED OF NON-LIVING THINGS.
Example- rocks and minerals.
2.....Based on exhaustibility**
★ NON-RENEWABLE RESOURCES OCCUR OVER A VERY LONG GEOLOGICAL TIME.
Example - metals and fossil fuels.
THE RESOURCES WHICH CAN BE RENEWED OR REPRODUCED BY PHYSICAL-CHEMICAL OR MECHANICAL PROCESSES ARE KNOWN AS RENEWABLE RESOURCES.
Example - solar and wind energy, forest, water, and wildlife.
- potential resources are those resources that are found in a region but have not been utilized.
For example, Rajasthan and Gujarat have enormous potential for the development of wind and solar energy but so far this has not been developed properly.
- developed resources are those resources that are surveyed and their quality and quantity have been determined for utilization. The development of resources depends on technology and the level of their feasibility.
- Materials in the environment which have the potential to satisfy human needs but human beings do not have the appropriate technology to access these are called stocks.
For example, hydrogen can be used as a rich source of energy but we do not have advanced technology to use.
- Reserves are the subset of the stock, which can be put into use with the help of existing technical "know-how" but their use has not been started this can be used for meeting future requirements.
For example, water in dams is preserved. It is a reserve that can be used in the future...
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1.... Many resources got depleted. Example- Forest2.... Resources got accumulated in the hands of few people. Society is divided into rich and poor.
3... Global warming, ozone layer depletion, environmental degradation are other problems.
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It is necessary because
1. India is a vast country and all its Resources are unevenly and unequally distributed.
Eg- Rajasthan has a rich source of wind and solar energy but poor in water resources.
2.Wastage of Resources can be avoided by planning.
3. Environmental pollution can be reduced.
4. Overexploitation of resources can be avoided.
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It is a complex process that involves**
I) Identification and intervention of resources across the regions of the country. This involves surveying, mapping, and qualitative and quantitative estimation and measurement of the resources.
II) developing a planning structure with appropriate technical skill and institutional sector for implementing resource development plans.
III) Matching the resource development plans with overall National development plans.
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