POWER SHARING, BOOK QUESTIONS WITH SOLUTIONS

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Questions no.1

WHAT ARE THE DIFFERENT FORMS OF POWER SHARING IN MODERN DEMOCRACIES??  GIVE AN EXAMPLE OF EACH OF THIS???

Answer-. THE DIFFERENT FORMS OF POWER SHARING IN MODERN DEMOCRACIES. THESE ARE GIVEN BELOW-

A) HORIZONTAL DISTRIBUTION OF POWER-

✓✓POWER IS SHARED AMONG DIFFERENT ORGANS OF GOVERNMENT.

 ✓✓SUCH AS THE LEGISLATURE, EXECUTIVE AND JUDICIARY. 

EXAMPLE- INDIA.

B)FEDERAL FORMS OF POWER SHARINGAMONG GOVERNMENT AT DIFFERENT LEVELS-

 ✓✓THAT IS A SINGLE GOVERNMENT FOR ENTIRE COUNTRY AND GOVERNMENT AT THE PROVINCIAL OR REGIONAL LEVEL. 

✓✓EXAMPLE: INDIA (THAT IS UNION GOVERNMENT AND STATE GOVERNMENT)

C)COMMUNITY GOVERNMENT- 

✓✓POWER MAY ALSO BE SHARED AMONG DIFFERENT SOCIAL GROUPS SUCH AS THE RELIGIOUS AND LINGUISTIC GROUPS .

✓✓EXAMPLE BELGIUM

D) POWER SHARING BETWEEN DIFFERENT POLITICAL PARTIES & PRESSURE GROUPS-

✓✓ SUCH COMPETITION ENSURES THAT POWER DOES NOT REMAIN IN ONE HAND. 

✓✓IN THE LONG RUN POWER IS SHARED AMONG DIFFERENT POLITICAL PARTIES THAT REPRESENT DIFFERENT IDEOLOGIES AND SOCIAL GROUPS.

QUESTION NO 2- 

STATE ONE PRUDENTIAL REASON AND ONE MORAL REASON FOR POWER SHARING WITH AN EXAMPLE FROM THE INDIAN CONTEXT .

ANSWER-.  WHILE PRUDENTIAL REASON STRESS THAT POWER SHARING WILL BRING OUT BETTER OUTCOMES IN INDIA, THE POWER IS SHARED HORIZONTALLY AMONG VARIOUS ORGANS OF GOVERNMENT THAT IS LEGISLATURE EXECUTIVE JUDICIARY and they ACCOUNTABLE AND RESPONSIBLE TOO.

RESERVATION IS APPLICABLE IN INDIA WHERE VARIOUS SECTIONS ARE GIVEN BENEFITS OVER OTHERS TO AVOID CONFLICTS.

MORAL REASON EMPHASIZE THE VERY FACT OF POWER SHARING AS VALUABLE. IN INDIA CITIZENS ARE CONFERRED WITH FUNDAMENTAL RIGHTS AND DIRECTIVE PRINCIPLES OF STATE POLICIES ARE IMPLIED ON THE GOVERNMENT.

QUESTION NO.3

 AFTER READING THIS CHAPTER THREE STUDENTS DREW DIFFERENT CONCLUSIONS. WHICH OF THESE DO YOU AGREE WITH AND WHY? GIVE YOUR REASON IN ABOUT 50 WORDS. 

ANSWER-  OUSEPH CONCLUSION IS THE RIGHT ONE.

 EVERY STATE SHOULD HAVE SOME OR OTHER FORM OF POWER SHARING. POWER SHARING ENSURES OPTIMUM BALANCE BETWEEN DIFFERENT SECTIONS IN THE SOCIETY. THE CHANCES OF CONFLICT LESSEN AND SO DOES THE INJUSTICE. HENCE POWER SHARING BECOMES THE VALUE OF DEMOCRACY. ALSO POWER SHARING IS A GOOD WAY TO ENSURE THE STABILITY OF POLITICAL ORDER.

QUESTION NO.4

 THE MAYOR OF MERCHTEM A TOWN NEAR BRUSSELS IN BELGIUM HAS DEFENDED A BAN ON SPEAKING FRENCH IN THE TOWN SCHOOL. HE SAID THAT THE BAN WOULD HELP ALL NON DUTCH SPEAKERS INTEGRATE INTO THIS FLEMISH TOWN. DO YOU THINK THAT THIS MEASURE IS IN KEEPING THE SPIRIT OF BELGIUM’S POWER SHARING IS ARRANGEMENT ??GIVE YOUR REASON IN ABOUT 50 WORDS.

ANSWER- THE MEASURE OF MAYOR OF MERCHTEM TO BAN ON FRENCH SPEAKING IN THE TOWN SCHOOLS NEAR BRUSSELS IS UNFAIR. IT IS NOT KEEP WITH BELGIUM’S POWER SHARING ARRANGEMENT.

 POWER SHARING HELPS MAINTAIN A BALANCE BETWEEN DIFFERENT SECTIONS OF THE SOCIETY AND IN BELGIUM THERE IS A NEED TO MAINTAIN THE POWER SHARING BETWEEN DUTCH AND FRENCH TO AVOID CIVIL UNREST.

 MAYOR BY BANNING FRENCH WILL PROMOTE TENDENCY OF CIVIL UNREST. TO PROMOTE PEACE AMONG DIFFERENT COMMUNITIES, THE MAYOR SHOULD PROMOTE BILINGUAL EDUCATIONAL SYSTEM IN THE TOWN’S SCHOOL.

QUESTION NO.5-

Read the following passage and pick out any one of the prudential reasons for power sharing offered in this- we need to give more power to the panchayats to realise the dream of Mahatma Gandhi and the makers of our constitution. panchayatiraj establishes true democracy. it restores power to the only place where power belongs in a democracy in the hands of the people.giving power to panchayats is also a way to reduce corruption and increase administrative efficiency when people participate in the planning and implementation of developmental schemes they would naturally exercise greater control over this schemes. This would eliminate the corrupt middleman.thus panchayati Raj will strengthen the foundation of our country.

ANSWER- THE PRUDENTIAL REASON IN THE GIVEN PASSAGES IS GIVING POWER TO PANCHAYAT IS ALSO A WAY TO REDUCE CORRUPTION AND INCREASE  ADMINISTRATIVE EFFICIENCY.

QUESTIONS NO.6-

 ANSWER-  A B D F

QUESTION No.7-

 ANSWER- B. C AND D

QUESTION NO.8-

 ANSWER

POWER SHARED AMONG DIFFERENT ORGANS OF THE GOVERNMENT---SEPARATION OF POWERS

 POWER SHARED AMONG GOVERNMENTS AT DIFFERENT LEVEL-  FEDERAL GOVERNMENT 

POWER SHARED BY DIFFERENT SOCIAL GROUPS-  -COMMUNITY GOVERNMENT

 POWER SHARED BY TWO OR MORE POLITICAL PARTIES  - COALITION GOVERNMENT

QUESTION NO.9 -

ANSWER.        BOTH A AND B ARE TRUE .

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